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Which mountain range protects parts of Marlborough from westerly winds?

  1. Southern Alps

  2. Blue Mountains

  3. Rocky Mountains

  4. Appalachian Mountains

The correct answer is: Southern Alps

The Southern Alps are the mountain range that protects parts of Marlborough from westerly winds. This range runs along New Zealand's South Island and creates a significant rain shadow effect. As westerly winds come in from the Tasman Sea, they are forced to rise over the Southern Alps. This elevation leads to cooler temperatures and precipitation on the western side of the range, while the eastern side, including Marlborough, experiences significantly less rainfall and is therefore drier and sunnier. This climatic influence is crucial for the region's viticulture, allowing for the successful cultivation of grape varieties that thrive in such conditions. In contrast, the other mountain ranges mentioned do not have any geographical relevance to Marlborough. The Blue Mountains are located in Australia, the Rocky Mountains are in North America, and the Appalachian Mountains are also in North America. Each of these ranges has distinct climates and ecosystems not applicable to Marlborough’s environmental conditions.