Certified Sommelier Practice Exam

In which region is the predominant use of schist soil noted for grape cultivation?

1. Douro

2. Bairrada

3. Algarve

4. Dao

The correct answer is: Douro

The Douro region is renowned for its predominant use of schist soil in grape cultivation. Schist, a metamorphic rock that breaks easily into thin layers, contributes to optimal vineyard conditions in Douro. This type of soil has excellent drainage properties, allowing for well-rooted vines, which are essential in the hot, dry climate of the region. The ability of schist to retain heat also aids in the ripening of grapes, resulting in the production of high-quality wines, particularly Port and other robust red wines. While the other regions mentioned—Bairrada, Algarve, and Dao—are known for their own unique soil types and wine profiles, they do not predominantly utilize schist in the way Douro does. Bairrada is more associated with clay-limestone soils, Algarve has a mix of sandy and clay soils, and Dao is primarily known for granite-based soils. Therefore, the Douro stands out for its signature schist soil, making it the correct answer in the context of this question.